Q1. The constant of the cone, on a Lambert chart where the convergence angle between longitudes 010°E and 030°W is 30° is:
0.75 – Constant of Cone (n) = Convergence / dLong. dLong = 10E to 30W = 40°. Conv = 30°. n = 30/40 = 0.75.
Q2. The constant of the cone of a Lambert conformal conic chart is quoted as 0.3955. At what latitude on the chart is earth convergency correctly represented?
23°18′ – Earth convergency is correctly represented at the parallel of origin where n = sin(Lat). arcsin(0.3955) ≈ 23.3° = 23°18′.
Q3. The convergence factor of a Lambert conformal conic chart is quoted as 0.78535. At what latitude on the chart is earth convergency correctly represented?
51°45′ – n = sin(Lat). arcsin(0.78535) ≈ 51.75° = 51°45′.
Q4. The convergence factor of a Lambert conformal conic chart is quoted as 0.85 At what latitude on the chart is earth convergency correctly represented?
58°12′ – n = sin(Lat). arcsin(0.85) ≈ 58.21° = 58°12′.
Q5. The two standard parallels of a conical Lambert projection are at N10°40′ and N41°20′. The cone constant of this chart is approximative:
0.44 – Constant n is roughly the sine of the average latitude (26°), which is 0.438. Using the exact formula for standard parallels yields approx 0.44.
Q6. The two standard parallels of a conical Lambert projection are at N40° and N46°. The cone constant of this chart is approximative:
0.70 – n ≈ sin(Average Parallel) = sin(43°) ≈ 0.68. Closest option is 0.70 (Exact calculation gives ~0.68, option 0.70 is the intended ‘approximate’ standard answer for this range).
Q7. A Lambert conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.75. The initial course… from A (40°N 050°W) to B is 043°(T) at A, a course at B is 055°(T). What is the longitude of B?
34°W – Track Change = 12°. dLong = 12 / 0.75 = 16°. Track Increased (043 to 055) in NH, so direction is East. 50W – 16 = 34W.
Q8. A Lambert conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.80. The initial course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from B to A (45°N 030°W) is 053°(T) at A, a course at B is 065°(T). What is the longitude of B?
45 W – Calculation suggests B is 45W if we assume the track values describe an Eastbound path (B to A) increasing from 53° to 65°. Change = 12°. dLong = 12/0.8 = 15°. 30W + 15° West = 45W.
Q9. A Lambert conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.80. The initial course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from A (50°S 170° 30 ‘W) to B is 281°(T) at A, a course at B is 289°(T). What is the longitude of B?
179° 30 ‘E – Track Change = 8°. dLong = 8/0.8 = 10°. SH Track Increases = Westbound. 170°30’W + 10° West crosses 180° to 179°30’E.
Q10. A Lambert conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.75. The initial course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from A (70°N 165° 30′ E) to B is 215°(T) at A, a course at B is 191°(T) What is the longitude of B?
133° 30 ‘E – Track Change = 24°. dLong = 32°. NH Track Decrease = Westbound. 165°30’E – 32° = 133°30’E.
Q11. A lambert conical projection has standard parallel at 54N and 46N. The initial course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from A (50°N 160° E) to B (50N 150W) is
071 T – n = sin(50) ≈ 0.766. dLong=50. CA = 0.5500.766 ≈ 19°. RL=090. NH Eastbound Initial GC < RL. 90-19 = 71.
Q12. A lambert conical projection has standard parallel at 44 N and 46N. The initial course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from A (50°N 060° E) to B (50N 50W) is
309 T – n = sin(45) ≈ 0.707. dLong=110. CA ≈ 39°. RL=270. NH Westbound Initial GC > RL. 270+39 = 309.
Q13. A lambert conical projection chart the initial great circle track drawn from A (40°S 030° E) to B ( 40 S 30 W ) is 247 T. >>>>Find the constant of cone.
0.76 – RL=270. Initial=247. CA=23. Conv=46. n = 46/60 = 0.766.
Q14. A lambert conical projection chart the initial great circle track drawn from A (30°N 060° W) to B ( 30 N 130 W ) is 295 T. >>>>Then parallel of origin is at :
45 N – RL=270. Initial=295. CA=25. Conv=50. n=50/70=0.71. arcsin(0.71) ≈ 45°.
Q15. A lambert conical projection chart the initial great circle track drawn from A (50°N 160° E) to B ( 50 N 170 W ) is 081 T. >>>>constant of the cone is :
0.60 – RL=090. Initial=081. CA=9. Conv=18. n = 18/30 = 0.6.
Q16. A straight line, drawn on a lambert conical chart between point A and B has the bearing of 080T at A and 090T at B. If the constant of the cone is 0.8 and the location of point A is 60N 40E then find the Longitude of B.
05230 E – Change=10. dLong=12.5 (12°30′). Track Increase = Eastbound. 40E + 12°30′ = 52°30’E.
Q17. A Lambert conformal conic projection, with two standard parallels:
the scale is only correct along the standard parallels – Standard definition.
Q18. On a Lambert conformal conic chart, with two standard parallels, the quoted scale is correct:
along the two standard parallels – Standard definition.
Q19. On a Lambert Conformal Conic chart earth convergency is most accurately represented at the:
parallel of origin – Convergency on chart = dLong * n. Earth Conv = dLong * sin(Lat). Accurately represented where n = sin(Lat), which is the Parallel of Origin.
Q20. On a Transverse Mercator chart, the scale is exactly correct along the:
meridian of tangency – Scale is constant and correct along the central meridian (tangency).
Q21. Transverse Mercator projections are used for:
maps of large north/south extent – Distortion increases away from central meridian, so best for N-S strips.
Q22. On a transverse Mercator chart, with the exception of the Equator, parallels of latitude appear as:
ellipses – Parallels are complex curves, often described as ellipses in simple theory (actually more complex, but ellipses is the standard exam answer).
Q23. An Oblique Mercator projection is used specifically to produce:
charts of the great circle route between two points – The cylinder is tangent along the GC route.
Q24. A straight line on a Lambert Conformal Projection chart for normal flight planning purposes:
is approximately a Great Circle – Great Circles are nearly straight lines on Lamberts.
Q25. On a Lambert Conformal Conic chart great circles that are not meridians are:
curves concave to the parallel of origin – This means they bulge towards the parallel of origin (Equator-ward? No, parallel of origin is usually mid-latitude). Actually, on Lambert, GC is slightly concave to the Parallel of Origin (bulges towards pole). Wait. Source says “curves concave to the parallel of origin”. Correct answer is marked as such. Standard theory says GC is concave to the Parallel of Origin? No, usually concave to the Pole (bulging equatorward) on Mercator. On Lambert, they are nearly straight, but slightly concave to the parallel of origin? Let’s stick to the extracted Answer.
Q26. The parallels on a Lambert Conformal Conic chart are represented by:
arcs of concentric circles – Standard definition.