🧑‍💻 |06| WT005: Radio Navigation Test (GPWS, RNAV, FMS, EFIS, GNSS) – LMS

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Results

Q1. EGNOS provides a WAAS by determining the errors in……. and broadcasting these errors to receivers using……

X, Y & Z coordinates pseudolites

SV range geostationary satellites

X, Y & Z coordinates geostationary satellites

SV range pseudolites

Q2. What is an ADC input to the FMC?

VOR/DME position

Heading

Ground speed and drift

TAS

Q3. On an EFIS display the pictured symbol represents:

aerodrome

DME

VOR/DME

VORTAC

Q4. An aircraft GNSS receiver is using 5 satellites for RAIM. If the receiver deselects one satellite then the flight should be continued:

using inertial reference systems only

using alternative navigation systems

using 4 satellites with the pilot monitoring the receiver output

using alternative radio navigation systems only

Q5. What function does the course line computer perform?

Uses VOR/DME information to direct the aircraft along a specified track

Converts VOR/DME information into HSI directions to maintain the planned track

Uses VOR/DME information to determine track and distance to a waypoint

Uses VOR/DME information to direct the aircraft to the facility

Q6. The frequency band of the NAVSTAR/GPS L1 and L2 frequencies is:

EHF

VHF

UHF

SHF

Q7. The phantom station in a 2D RNAV system may be generated by:

VOR/DME

any of the above

twin VOR

twin DME

Q8. An ‘all in view’ satellite navigation receiver is one which:

tracks the closest satellites

tracks selected satellites

monitors all 24 satellites

selects and tracks all (in view) satellites and selects the best four

Q9. The function of the receiver in the GNSS user segment is to:

determine position and assess the accuracy of that position

track the satellites to calculate range

interrogate the satellites to determine range

track the satellites to calculate time

Q10. If sink rate is excessive the GPWS indication will be?

Don't sink, Whoop, Whoop, Pull up.

Too low gear. Too low gear. Whoop, Whoop, Pull up, Pull up.

Too low, Too low. Whoop, Whoop, Pull up.

Sink rate, Whoop, Whoop, Pull up.

Q11. When is the FMS position likely to be least accurate?

On final approach

TOC

Just after take-off

TOD

Q12. The GPWS would provide visual and audible warning to a pilot if the aircraft descended:

to below 200’ barometric altitude with flap not in the landing position and speed below Mach .28

to below 500’ radio altitude with flaps not in the landing position and speed below Mach .28

to below 200’ radio altitude with flap not in the landing position and speed below Mach .28

to below 500’ radio altitude with flaps not in the landing position and speed below Mach .35

Q13. Which of the following statements concerning ionospheric propagation errors is true?

They are eliminated using differential techniques

They are significantly reduced when a second frequency is available

They are significantly reduced by the use of RAIM

Transmitting the state of the ionosphere to the receivers enables the error to reduced to less than one metre

Q14. In NAVSTAR/GPS range measurement is achieved by measuring:

the time difference between the minimum number of satellites

the synchronization of the satellite and receiver clocks

the time taken for the signal to travel from the satellite to the receiver

the time taken for a signal to travel from the receiver to the satellite and return to the receiver

Q15. If the signal from an SV is lost during an aircraft manoeuvre:

the receiver will compensate by using the last calculated altitude to maintain positional accuracy

the receiver will select another SV with no loss in accuracy

the receiver position will degrade regardless of the action taken

the receiver will go into a DR mode with no loss of accuracy

Q16. In NAVSTAR/GPS the space segment:

relays positional data from the control segment

provides the positional information to the receiver

sends information for receiver to determine latitude, longitude and time

the receiver interrogates the satellite and the satellite provides positional information

Q17. Unauthorized’ civilian users of NAVSTAR/GPS can access:

the C/A code

the P and Y codes

the C/A and P codes

the P code

Q18. Concerning NAVSTAR/GPS orbits, which of the following statements is correct?

The orbits are inclined at 65° with an orbital period of 11 hours 15 minutes

The orbits are geostationary to provide global coverage

The inclination of the orbits is 55° with an orbital period of 12 hours

The inclination of the orbits is 55° with an orbital period of 24 hours

Q19. In GPS on which frequencies are both the C/A and P codes transmitted?

The lower frequency

Neither frequency

The higher frequency

Both frequencies

Q20. When flying under IFR using GPS and a multi-sensor system:

both systems must be operating but only the primary system information needs to be displayed

the GPS must be operating and its information displayed

if there is a discrepancy between the GPS and multi-sensor positions, then the multi-sensor position must be regarded as suspect

the multi-sensor system must be operating and its information displayed

Q21. On the B737-400 EHSI what happens if the selected VOR fails?

The deviation bar is removed

The display blanks and a fail warning appears

The display flashes

A fail flag is displayed alongside the display bar

Q22. The FMC position is:

computer generated from the IRS and radio navigation positions

the average of the IRS and radio navigation positions

computer generated from the radio navigation positions

the average of the IRS positions

Q23. The inclination of a satellite is:

90° minus the angle between the SV orbit and the polar plane

the angle between the SV orbit and the polar plane

the angle between the SV orbit and the equator

90° minus the angle between the SV orbit and the equator

Q24. The indications from a basic RNAV are behaving erratically. The reason is likely to be:

the aircraft is outside the DOC of the reference VOR/DME

the aircraft is below line of sight range of the reference VOR/DME

the aircraft is in the cone of confusion of the reference VOR

the aircraft is in the cone of confusion of the phantom station

Q25. The cause of a RNAV giving erratic readings would be:

the aircraft is outside the DOC of the reference station

the aircraft is in the cone of confusion of the phantom station

the aircraft is beyond line of sight range of the reference station

the aircraft is beyond line of sight range of the phantom station

Q26. The track line on an EFIS display indicates:

the actual aircraft track over the ground, which will coincide with the aircraft heading when there is zero drift

that a manual track has been selected

the aircraft actual track which will coincide with the planned track when there is zero drift

that a manual heading has been selected

Q27. The purpose of the PRN codes in NAVSTAR/GPS is to:

pass navigation and system data to the receiver

identify the satellites

synchronize the receiver clocks with the SV clocks

all of the above

Q28. Comparing the L1 and L2 signals helps with the reduction of which GNSS error?

SV ephemeris

Tropospheric propagation

Ionospheric propagation

SV clock

Q29. The contents of the navigation and systems message from NAVSTAR/GPS SVS include:

satellite clock error, almanac data, ionospheric propagation information

satellite clock error, almanac data, satellite position error

ionospheric propagation information, X, Y & Z coordinates and corrections, satellite clock time and error

position accuracy verification, satellite clock time and clock error

Q30. In an RNAV system which combination of external reference will give the most accurate position?

GPS/rho

GPS/theta

Rho/rho

Rho/theta

Q31. The FMS database can be:

altered by the pilots between the 28 day updates

altered by the pilots every 28 days

only read by the pilots

read and altered by the pilots

Q32. Selective availability may be used to degrade the accuracy of the NAVSTAR/GPS position. This is achieved by:

introducing an offset in the broadcast satellites X, Y & Z coordinates

random dithering of the broadcast satellites X, Y & Z coordinates

introducing an offset in the satellites clocks

random dithering of the broadcast satellites clock time

Q33. The MDA for a non-precision approach using NAVSTAR/GPS is based on:

GPS altitude

barometric altitude

radio altimeter

GPS or barometric altitude

Q34. The NAVSTAR/GPS space segment:

monitors the accuracy of the satellite data and provides system time

provides X, Y, Z & T coordinates and the constellation data

provides geographic position and UTC

provides X, Y & Z coordinates and monitoring of the accuracy of the satellite data

Q35. The RNAV function of the FMC produces a position which:

produces a long term accuracy from the short term accuracy of the external reference and the IRS

combines the long term accuracy of the external reference with the short term accuracy of the IRS

combines the short term accuracy of the external reference with the long term accuracy of the IRS

produces a long term accuracy from the long term accuracy of the external reference and the IRS

Q36. Which input to the FMC is taken from sources external to the aircraft?

VOR/DME

Magnetic heading from a direct reading compass

Pressure altitude

INS

Q37. The inputs the pilot will make to the FMC during the pre-flight initialization will include:

departure runway, planned route and ETD

navigation data base, aircraft position and departure aerodrome

ETD, aircraft position, and planned route

planned route, aircraft position, and departure runway

Q38. In NAVSTAR/GPS the PRN codes are used to:

pass satellite ephemeris information

differentiate between satellites

pass satellite time and ephemeris information

pass satellite time, ephemeris and other information

Q39. According to ICAO (Annex 11), the definition of an RNAV system is:

one which enables the aircraft to navigate on any desired flight path within the coverage of appropriate ground based navigation aids or within the specified limits of self-contained on-board systems or a combination of the two

one which enables the aircraft to navigate on any desired flight path within the specified limits of self-contained on-board systems

one which enables the aircraft to navigate on any desired flight path within the coverage of appropriate ground based navigation aids only

Q40. The best position on an aircraft for the GNSS aerial is:

on the aircraft as far as possible from other aerials to reduce reflections

close to each wing tip to compensate for manoeuvre errors

on the fuselage close to the centre of gravity

in the cockpit as close as possible to the receiver

Q41. The preferred GNSS receiver for airborne application is:

multi-channel

sequential

fast multiplex

multiplex

Q42. The task of the control segment is to:

monitor the SV ephemeris and clock

determine availability to users

all of the above

apply selective availability

Q43. With reference to GPWS:

In all six modes the audible alerts and warnings are accompanied by the red flashing PULL-UP light

Mode 4A activates when the aircraft descends below 500 ft barometric altitude at a speed less than Mach .28 with the landing gear retracted

Mode 6 re-arms when the aircraft leaves the hard alerting area

Mode 4A activates when the aircraft descends below 500 ft radio altitude at a speed less than Mach .35 with the landing gear retracted

Q44. In GNSS a fix is obtained by:

measuring the time taken for signals from a minimum number of satellites to reach the aircraft

measuring the pulse lengths of the sequential signals from a number of satellites in known positions

measuring the phase angle of the signals from a number of satellites in known positions

measuring the time taken for the aircraft transmissions to travel to a number of satellites in known positions and return to the aircraft

Q45. Which of the following external inputs is required by the FMC to determine W/V?

Mach No.

Track and ground speed

TAS

Magnetic heading

Q46. What information can a GPS fix using four satellites give you?

Latitude, longitude and altitude

Latitude, longitude and time

Latitude, longitude, altitude and time

Latitude and longitude

Q47. The distance measured between a satellite and a receiver is known as a pseudo-range because:

it is measured using pseudo-random codes

it is measured against idealized Keplerian orbits

satellite and receiver are continually moving in relation to each other

it includes receiver clock error

Q48. The skysearch carried out by a GNSS receiver:

is the procedure carried out by the monitoring stations to check the accuracy of the satellite data

is done prior to each fix

is done when the receiver position is in error

involves the receiver downloading the almanac from each satellite before determining which satellites are in view

Q49. For the FMC the take-off speeds, V1, VR and V2 are found:

in the checklist and input manually

in the operating manual and input to the FMC

in the performance database

in the navigation database

Q50. The optimum cruise speeds used by the FMC are found:

in the performance database

in the operating manual and input to the FMC

in the checklist and input manually

in the navigation database

Q51. The ETA generated by the FMS will be most accurate:

if the forecast W/V at take-off is entered

when the forecast W/V equals the actual W/V and the FMS calculated Mach No. equals the actual Mach No.

if the ground speed and position are accurate

if the ground speed is correct and the take-off time has been entered

Q52. Which of the following can be input manually to the FMC using a maximum of 5 alphanumerics?

Waypoints, latitude and longitude, SIDs and STARS

Waypoints, airways designators, latitude and longitude

ICAO aerodrome designators, navigation facilities, SIDs and STARS

Navigation facilities, reporting points, airways designators

Q53. The visibility of GPS satellites is:

greatest at the equator

greatest at the poles

the same at all points on and close to the surface of the earth

dependent on the location of the user

Q54. When using GPS to fly airways, what is the vertical reference used?

GPS height

Radio altitude

Average of barometric and GPS

Barometric

Q55. Using differential GNSS for a non-precision approach, the height reference is:

radio or GNSS

radio

barometric

GNSS

Q56. The principle error in GNSS is:

GDOP

SV ephemeris error

receiver clock error

ionospheric propagation

Q57. In the B737-400 EFIS which component generates the visual display?

Navigation database

Flight control computer (FCC)

Symbol generator

FMC

Q58. The colour used on the B737-400 EHSI weather display to show turbulence is:

high colour gradient

white or magenta

magenta

flashing red

Q59. The inputs to the EHSI display during automatic flight include:

IRS, ADC and FCC

IRS, FMC and radio navigation facilities

auto-throttle, IRS and FMC

FCC, FMC and ADC

Q60. Which of the following is independent of external inputs?

VOR/DME

INS

ADF

Direct reading magnetic compass

Q61. Which of the following statements concerning differential GPS (DGPS) is true?

DGPS removes SV ephemeris and clock errors and propagation errors

Local area DGPS gives the same improvement in accuracy regardless of distance from the station

DGPS can improve the accuracy of SA affected position information

Wide area DGPS accuracy improves the closer the aircraft is to a ground station

Q62. The azimuth and elevation of the satellites is:

determined by the satellite and transmitted to the receiver

determined by the receiver from the broadcast satellite X, Y, Z & T data

transmitted by the satellite as part of the almanac

determined by the receiver from the satellite almanac data

Q63. In NAVSTAR/GPS the PRN codes are used to:

eliminate satellite clock and ephemeris errors

reduce ionospheric and tropospheric errors

remove receiver clock error

determine satellite range

Q64. The FMC position is:

derived from external reference position and monitored against the IRS position using the Kalman filtering process

derived from IRS and external reference positions using the Kalman filtering process

the selected IRS position updated by external reference using Kalman filtering

the external reference position updated by IRS information through the Kalman filtering process

Q65. During flight using NAVSTAR/GPS and conventional navigation systems, you see a large error between the positions given by the systems. The action you should take is:

continue using the conventional systems

continue using the GPS

switch off the faulty system after determining which one is in error

continue the flight in VMC

Q66. The navigation database in an FMC:

can be modified every 28 days

can be modified by the flight crew to meet the route requirements

cannot be accessed by the flight crew

can only be read by the flight crew

Q67. The NAV and system data message is contained in the…….signal.

C/A PRN code

C/A & P PRN code

50 Hz

P PRN code

Q68. Refer to Appendix A. Which diagram shows the MAP display?

Q69. When midway between two waypoints, how can the pilot best check the progress of the aircraft?

By using the ETA at the destination

By using the computed ETA for the next waypoint

By using the ATD at the previous waypoint

By using the ATA at the previous waypoint

Q70. How is the distance between the NAVSTAR/GPS SV and the receiver determined?

By referencing the SV and receiver positions to WGS84

By measuring the time from transmission to reception and multiplying by the speed of light

By measuring the time from transmission to reception and dividing by the speed of light

By synchronizing the receiver clock with the SV clock

Q71. If the signal from a VOR is lost, how is this shown on the B737-400 EHSI display?

An amber FAIL message appears in the frequency location

By removal of the deviation bar and pointer

A flashing red FAIL message appears in the frequency location

By showing a fail flag alongside the deviation bar

Q72. RAIM is achieved:

by ground stations determining the X, Y & Z errors and passing the corrections to receivers using pseudolites

by ground monitoring stations determining the satellite range errors which are relayed to receivers via geo-stationary satellites

within the receiver

any of the above

Q73. The operation of a 2D RNAV system may be seriously downgraded:

if the selected navigation facility is in excess of about 70 NM

because the pilot cannot verify the correct frequency has been selected

because the computer cannot determine if the heading and altitude input are in error

because the computer cannot determine if the aircraft is within the DOC of the programmed facilities

Q74. In a RNAV system the DME is tuned:

by selecting DMEs to give suitable angle of cut to get a fix automatically

by what is selected on the pilots DME and hence is tuned manually

automatically by taking pilot's DME selection

by automatically selecting the nearest suitable DME

Q75. When is the IRS position updated?

Continuously by the FMC

On the ground only

At VOR beacons on route by the pilots

At significant waypoints only

Q76. The almanac in the receiver:

is used to determine which satellites are above the horizon

is used to determine receiver clock error

assigns the PRN codes to the satellites

determines selective availability

Q77. Which of the following is true concerning the use of GNSS position in the FMC?

It is used to verify and update the IRS position

GNSS position is usable stand alone

An alternate source of position must be used and displayed

GNSS data may only be used in the absence of other positional information

Q78. The accuracy required of a basic area navigation (B-RNAV) system is:

+/-5 NM on 75% of occasions

+/-5 NM on 95% of occasions

all the time

+/-5 NM on 90% of occasions

Q79. NAVSTAR GPS receiver clock error is removed by:

having an appropriate atomic time standard within the receiver

synchronization with the satellite clocks on initialization

adjusting the pseudo-ranges to determine the error

regular auto-synchronization with the satellite clocks

Q80. The height derived by a receiver from the NAVSTAR/GPS is:

above mean sea level

above ground level

above the WGS84 ellipsoid

pressure altitude

Q81. The WGS84 model of the earth is:

a geoid

an exact model of the earth

an ellipse

a sphere

Q82. The GPWS the alert/warning information is provided by a radio altimeter with:

a downward transmitting beam whose dimensions are in the order of 60 and 30 in the fore/aft and the athwartship axes

a downward transmitting beam whose dimensions are in the order of 30 and 60 in the fore/aft and the athwartship axes

a forward transmitting beam

a downwards transmitting radio beam

Q83. At what radio altitude is Mode 4 armed?

200 ft

700 ft

500 ft

790 ft

Q84. The orbits of the NAVSTAR GPS satellites are inclined at:

99° to the earth's axis

55° to the plane of the equator

55° to the earth's axis

99° to the plane of the equator

Q85. GPWS mode 3 will operate if altitude loss occurs before you have acquired:

700 ft barometric altitude gain

500 ft terrain clearance

200 ft barometric altitude gain

700 ft terrain clearance

Q86. When using a two dot HSI, a deviation of one dot from the computed track represents approximately:

2 NM

2°

5°

5 NM

Q87. The NAVSTAR/GPS constellation comprises:

6 SVs each in 4 orbits

4 SVs each in 6 orbits

8 SVs each in 3 orbits

3 SVs each in 8 orbits

Q88. Refer to Appendix A, diagram A. What is the deviation from the required track? (visual Q.)

3 NM right

8∘ left

3 NM left

8∘ right

1 DOT = 2 NM IN VOR MODE

Q89. An aircraft, using a 2D RNAV computer, is 12 NM from the phantom station, 25 NM from the VOR/DME designating the phantom station and the phantom station is 35 NM from the VOR/DME. The range read-out in the aircraft will be:

25 NM plan range

25 NM slant range

35 NM

12 NM

Q90. The NAVSTAR/GPS constellation comprises:

24 satellites in 4 orbits

24 satellites in 3 orbits

24 satellites in 6 orbits

24 satellites in 8 orbits

Q91. The Ground Proximity Warning mode 4A provides a visual and audible warning ‘Too Low Gear’ to the pilot if the aircraft descends below _ _ _ _ _ _ with landing gear retracted.

500 feet barometric altitude with speed below M 0.35

200 feet radio altitude with speed below M 0.28

200 feet barometric altitude with speed below M 0.28

500 feet radio altitude with speed below M 0.35

Q92. An aircraft ‘goes around’ after descending to a radio alt of 190 feet. As power is applied a power unit is lost and some height is lost. The GPWS would provide an alert when the aircraft had lost about:

20 feet

100 feet

50 feet

10 feet

Q93. In RNAV mode one dot on the EHSI represents:

2°

2 NM

5 NM

5°

Q94. If the receiver almanac becomes corrupted it will download the almanac from the constellation. This download will take:

12.5 minutes

2.5 minutes

25 minutes

15 minutes

Q95. Which of the following are GPWS modes? 1. Approaching stall. 2. Excessive glide slope deviation. 3. Excessive ROC. 4. Excessive ROD. 5. Incorrect flap position. 6. Sinking after lift-off and during go-around. 7. High altitude descent.

4, 5, 6, 7.

3, 4, 6.

1, 2, 3, 5.

2, 4, 5, 6.

Q96. Refer to appendix A, diagram F. What is the required track? (visual Q.)

157∘

173∘

165∘

130∘

Q97. Which GPS frequencies are available for commercial air transport?

1227.6 MHz only

1575.42 MHz only

1227.6 MHz and 1575.42 MHz

1227.6 MHz or 1575.42 MHz

Q98. Refer to Appendix A, diagram E. What is the track from BANTU to ZAPPO? (visual Q.)

360∘(M)

360∘(T)

130∘(M)

130∘(T)

Q99. GPWS can indicate? 1. Excessive bank angle. 2. Excessive terrain closure rate. 3. Excessive sink rate after lift-off. 4. Excessive glide slope deviations. 5. Too close to ground when not in landing configuration. 6. Excessive rate of descent. 7. Altitude call-outs.

1, 4, 5, 6, 7.

All of the above.

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7.

Q100. What are the basic elements transmitted by NAVSTAR/GPS satellites? 1. offset of the satellite clock from GMT 2. ephemeris data 3. health data 4. ionospheric delays 5. solar activity

1, 2 and 3

1, 2 and 4

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

2, 3 and 4

Q101. In an RNAV approach phase with a two dot lateral deviation HSI display, a one dot deviation from track would represent:

5°.

0.5°

0.5 NM.

5 NM

Q102. The required accuracy of a precision RNAV (P-RNAV) system is:

0.25 NM standard deviation or better

0.5 NM standard deviation or better

1 NM standard deviation or better

1.5 NM standard deviation or better

Q103. The EHSI is showing 5° fly right with a TO indication. The aircraft heading is 280°(M) and the required track is 270°. The radial is:

265

275

Q104. The number of satellites required for a fully operational NAVSTAR/GPS is:

Q105. To provide 3D fixing with RAIM and allowing for the loss of one satellite requires …………… SVs:

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